Chronic Ankle Instability

Condition

Condition

What is Chronic Ankle Instability?

Chronic ankle instability is a condition where the ankle repeatedly “gives way,” especially on uneven ground or during activity. It often develops after repeated ankle sprains that stretch or weaken the supporting ligaments. Over time, these ligaments may no longer provide enough support, leading to persistent instability, discomfort, and a higher risk of new injuries.

Chronic Ankle Instability

Common Symptoms of Chronic Ankle Instability

People with chronic ankle instability may experience:

  • A recurring feeling of the ankle “giving way”.
  • Pain or tenderness on the outer side of the ankle.
  • Swelling that returns after activity.
  • Difficulty walking on uneven surfaces.
  • Reduced confidence in ankle strength during exercise or sports.

How Chronic Ankle Instability is Diagnosed

A foot and ankle specialist can confirm the diagnosis using:

Clinical examination

checking for looseness, tenderness, and balance.

Stress tests

gently moving the ankle to compare stability with the other side.

Imaging (MRI or ultrasound)

to evaluate ligament damage, cartilage injury, or other causes of weakness.

Can You Run with Chronic Ankle Instability?

Running is sometimes possible, but it carries risks. Instability makes the ankle more vulnerable to rolling and further sprains.

  • If symptoms are mild, running may be safe with proper footwear, bracing, and strengthening exercises.
  • If the ankle feels unstable or painful, running may worsen the condition and should be avoided until treatment has begun.

Is Chronic Ankle Instability Permanent?

Not always. With the right treatment, many patients regain ankle stability and return to normal activity. However, if left untreated, instability can worsen over time and may lead to cartilage damage or early arthritis.

How to Rebuild Ankle Stability

Most patients improve with non-surgical treatments, which are the first step in management:

  • Strengthening exercises – targeting the ankle and surrounding muscles.
  • Balance training – reducing the risk of rolling the ankle.
  • Physiotherapy – guided rehabilitation to restore function and prevent future sprains.
  • Supportive footwear or bracing – providing added stability during daily activities and sports.
Chronic Ankle Instability

When Surgery Is Considered for Chronic Ankle Stability

Surgery may be recommended if:

  • Non-surgical treatments fail to restore stability, or
  • The ankle ligaments are severely stretched or torn.

Surgical procedures typically involve ligament repair or reconstruction to restore stability and protect the ankle from further injury.

When to See a Foot & Ankle Specialist

You should book an appointment if you experience:

  • Recurrent sprains or frequent “giving way” of the ankle.
  • Pain or swelling that does not improve with rest.
  • Difficulty walking or running without fear of rolling your ankle.
  • Loss of confidence in ankle stability.

Early assessment by a foot and ankle orthopaedic specialist can prevent long-term damage and help you return to safe, pain-free movement.